When comparing smart cards to traditional cards such as proximity cards, many users notice that smart cards are sometimes slower during authentication. But why is this the case? In this article, we’ll explore the reasons behind the delay, focusing on factors such as encryption, AES protocols, and interactions with card readers.
1. Encryption: The Backbone of Security
The primary reason high-security cards are slower than traditional cards lie in their use of advanced encryption. Traditional 125 kHz proximity cards or tags, typically transmit a static ID to the reader. This process is nearly instantaneous, as no additional data processing or security measures are required.
In contrast, high-security cards rely on encryption standards such as AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) to protect the communication between the card and the reader. Here’s how this impacts speed:
- When a high-security card is scanned, it initiates an encryption handshake with the reader.
- The card and reader exchange encrypted data to authenticate the card.
- Only after verifying the encryption key does the system grant or deny access.
This secure process ensures that sensitive data cannot be intercepted or duplicated.
2. Data Processing in Smart Cards
High-security cards, such as those using MIFARE DESFire technology, are designed to perform complex operations. These cards can:
- Store multiple applications on a single card.
- Manage secure file structures.
- Perform cryptographic functions, such as generating dynamic keys.
The extra data-handling capabilities of smart cards make them more versatile and secure.
3. Advanced Readers for High-Security Cards
The interaction between high-security cards and their readers is more complex than with traditional cards. High-security readers must:
- Support encryption protocols like AES.
- Process larger amounts of data for card authentication.
- Handle secure key exchanges to prevent cloning or spoofing attempts.
This level of sophistication in readers ensures security but may increase processing time. Traditional card readers, in contrast, simply scan and transmit a static ID, making their operations faster.
4. Cloning Protection
One of the most significant advantages of high-security cards is their resistance to cloning. Traditional proximity cards are vulnerable because they can be easily copied using inexpensive equipment. High-security cards prevent this through:
- Dynamic encryption keys: The card generates a unique key for each interaction, making it impossible to duplicate.
- Mutual authentication: Both the card and reader verify each other before granting access.
Conclusion
The slower performance of high-security cards compared to traditional proximity cards is a small price to pay for their enhanced protection. By incorporating technologies like AES encryption, MIFARE DESFire, and advanced reader capabilities, these cards ensure that your access control system is resistant to modern security threats such as cloning.
While a slight delay may be noticeable, the benefits of enhanced security far outweigh the inconvenience. CDVI’s KRYPTO solution offers high security readers and credentials that include military grade encryption and unique keys per site. Ensuring a system that is secure while still easy to set up and simple to manage.
